大连地区冰雹天气探空和雷达资料特征分析

Features of Sounding and Weather Radar Data for Hail Cases in Dalian Area

该文利用常规观测资料、天气雷达资料和灾情评估资料,对2005—2016年大连地区的23次冰雹过程进行了分析研究。结果表明:(1)大连地区冰雹天气发生在6月的比例占61%,发生在下午到傍晚时段的比例占65%,落区为北部地区占79%,强冰雹过程占57%;(2)天气尺度影响系统中,东北冷涡占57%,西风槽占39%;(3)0℃层高度、-20℃层高度、850h Pa与500h Pa温差、700h Pa与500h Pa温差、500h Pa温度露点差、850h Pa温度露点差综合分析能够较好地指示冰雹天气;(4)H_(40dBZ)-H_0、H_(40dBZ)-H_(-20)、VIL最大值、D_(VIL)等雷达参量特征值能够作为冰雹识别指标。

This paper examines 23 hail events occurred in Dalian area during 2005—2016 by using conventional ob-servation data,weather radar data and weather-related disaster reports. The results indicate：（1）61% of all cases oc-curred in June. 65% of all cases occurred during afternoon and dark. 79% of all impact regions are northern area. Se-vere hail cases account for 57% of all cases.（2）Of all the synoptic systems associated,cold vortex over northeast Chi-na accounts for 57%,westerly trough accounts for 39%.（3）0℃ layer height,-20℃ layer height,850 h Pa and 500 h Patemperature difference,700 h Pa and 500 h Pa temperature difference,500 h Pa depression of the dew point,850 h Pa de-pression of the dew point are effective indicator of hail when jointly considered.（4）H_（40dBZ）-H_0,H_（40dBZ）-H_（-20）,maximumof VIL and DVIL can be used as radar characteristic parameters in indicating hail.