从供给侧结构性改革推动屠宰产业转型升级的思考与建议

Promoting the transformation and upgrading of the slaughter industry through the structural reform from the supply side

基于当前我国屠宰行业存在的问题,分析了屠宰产业供给侧结构性改革的必要性和可行性,提出了屠宰行业供给侧结构性改革的目标和建议。目前,我国屠宰行业发展整体水平偏低,屠宰企业"多、小、散、乱、差"局面长期存在,成为制约屠宰产业转型升级进程中亟需解决的关键问题。分散屠宰的格局不改变,规模化、标准化、工业化、现代化的屠宰方式就难以扩大,规模企业亏损及小微型企业数量减少的趋势就难以扭转,食品安全也很难保障。因此,必须从供给侧结构性改革推动屠宰产业转型升级。研究表明,我国规模以上屠宰加工企业屠宰能力提升空间大、分布广泛,屠宰产业发展总体状况具备转型升级的基本条件。为从根本上解决制约屠宰产业转型升级的症结、推动屠宰产业发展、促进国民经济发展,提出了提高标准以严格屠宰加工准入条件、坚决取缔不达标的小型屠宰场点、提高规模以全面提升屠宰企业的竞争力、充分发挥市场经济的调配作用、发挥地方政府引导作用等措施。

Based on the problems of the development of China＇s slaughter industry, the paper analyses the necessities and feasibilities of the structural reform from the supply side of the slaughter industry, and provides some suggestions for the reform. Currently, the overall level of the development of China＇s slaughter industry is low, showing ＂many, small, scattered, chaotic, and poor＂ characteristics which are main challenges faced by the slaughter industry in the transformation and upgrading process. If the situation of the scattered slaughter does not change the slaughter model of scale, standardization, industrialization and modernization is difficult to be expanded. It also leads to the economic loss for both large and small scale operations. In addition, it also threats food safety, especially for meat products. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the transformation and upgrading of the slaughter industry by strengthening the structural reform from the supply side. It has been found that the general situation of the development of slaughter and processing industry in China has the basic conditions for the transformation and upgrading, meaning that those large-scale enterprises have enough room to improve and the enterprises are widely distributed, which provides the prerequisite for ensuring the effective grain supply. In order to solve the problems completely and to promote the healthy development of the industry, this paper suggests to increase the standards of the industry entrance for new businesses, to shut off those small unqualified slaughterhouses, to increase the scale of slaughter enterprises to enhance their competitiveness comprehensively, to encourage competition through marketing mechanism, and to increase the support and the guidance from local governments.