壳聚糖功能微球负载贵金属的研究进展

Research progress in noble metal-supported chitosan functional microspheres

贵金属凭借其空的d电子轨道、较小的能级间距和配位的多样性成为多领域研究热点,但目前价格昂贵、储量稀少、利用率低下,极大地限制了贵金属的广泛应用,因此近年来发展优异的功能载体成为贵金属应用领域的研究趋势,这不仅可以方便贵金属的回收循环利用,同时可避免体系内的痕量残留,减少环境污染。本文综述了一种廉价无毒、含有丰富羟基、氨基基团的壳聚糖绿色材料作为贵金属载体的研究近况,介绍了国内外在吸附、催化等领域应用壳聚糖材料的代表性学术成果,比较并分析了不同表面修饰手段对壳聚糖载体贵金属作用效果的影响,概括了目前壳聚糖功能载体在贵金属研究中存在的形貌研究相对局限、可控制备难以实现规模化等问题,同时预测了壳聚糖材料在生物医药领域良好的发展前景。

Noble metal,has become a research focus in multiple fields due to its empty d electron orbit,small energy gap and diverse coordinations. However,high prices,rare reserves and low utilization have severely restricted their extensive application. So developing excellent functional carriers has become a hot area recently,which makes noble metals be separated from the reaction system easily and recycled effectively and avoids trace residues within the system, reducing environmental pollution. This paper reviewed recent studies of the cheap,non-toxic chitosan green materials which are rich in hydroxyl groups,amino groups and used as noble metal carriers. It also introduced domestic and international representative academic achievements which apply functionlized chitosan in adsorption,catalysis,medicine and other applications. Influences of different surface modification methods on the interaction between noble metals and chitosan carrier have been compared and analyzed. And we outlined the current problems in the noble metal research,such as relatively limited study on morphology and difficulties in controllable large-scale preparation. And its development in biological medicine has been also forecasted.