生态自然修复及其研究综述

Research overview on natural restoration of ecosystem

自然修复的现实必要性、理论可能性和技术可行性一直备受争议。本文通过对自然修复研究的系统回顾,全面梳理自然修复的理论基础、技术关键、理念构成、应用条件等的不同观点,阐明了自然修复的概念、特性、机理,总结了现有技术、应用范围。分析表明:自然修复并不拒绝人的主观能动性,而是改变了人在生态修复中的地位,变主宰为辅助;自然修复的理论基础是生态恢复力理论;在矿区生态系统的修复中,自然修复相比人工工程修复具有更大的应用空间和更广泛的适应性。创新自然修复理论和开发自然修复技术,对我国东部关闭矿山的生态治理、我国西部大开发中生态矿山建设等具有非常重要的现实意义。

There is always a heated debate about the practical necessity, theoretical possibility and technical feasibility of natural restoration. Through a systematic review on the research of natural restoration, this summary fully presents the different views of its theoretical basis, key technique, ideological structure as well as application conditions, expounds on the concept, characteristic, and mechanism of natural restoration, and summarizes its existing technology and application range. Analysis reveals that natural restoration changes man＇s status in ecological restoration instead of rejecting man＇s subjective initiative, where man is bestowed a subsidiary role rather than a dominator. The theoretical basis of natural restoration is the theory of ecological resilience. In the restora- tion process of ecosystem in mining areas, natural restoration boasts more extensive application space and adaptability compares with artificial restoration. Making innovations on the theories of natural restoration and developing its technologies is of vital realistic significance to the ecological restoration of the closed mines in eastern China, along with the construction of ecological mining areas in the west region development.