宁夏黄土高原区滴灌青贮玉米灌溉参数试验研究

An Experimental Study on Irrigation Parameters for Drip Irrigation Silage Maize in Loess Plateau Area of Ningxia

针对宁夏黄土高原区青贮玉米灌溉土地生产效率低、灌溉方式粗放、对产量影响不明确等技术问题,通过田间试验,分析不同土壤水分下限对滴灌青贮玉米株高、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、水分生产效率及产量的影响。结果表明:1青贮玉米株高增加量,处理F7最大,F8次之,F4最低;2日平均净光合速率,处理F7最高,为20.08μmol/(m^2·s),处理F1最低,为8.01μmol/(m^2·s);日平均蒸腾速率,处理F8最高,为3.57 mmol/(m\+2·s),处理F1最小,为1.71 mmol/(m^2·s);3处理F7产量最高,为89 724 kg/hm^2,处理F1最低,为57 136.5 kg/hm^2,同时,处理F7水分生产效率也达到最大值,为20.67 kg/m3;综合考虑作物产量和水分生产效率,滴灌青贮玉米土壤水分下限以处理F7为宜。

According to the technical problems such as low efficiency of land resources,extensive irrigation method,and the unclear impact on yield of silage maize in loess plateau area of Ningxia,the effects of different soil moisture lower limits on silage maizeheight,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,the yield and water use efficiency under drip irrigation are analyzed through field experiments. The results indicate that： 1 the increase degree of silage maize height of the F7 treatment of is the maximum,followed by F8 treatment,and that of F4 treatment is the minimum; 2 The daily average net photosynthetic rate highest of F7 treatment is the highest as 20. 08 μmol /（ m^2·s）,that of F1 treatment is the lowest as 8. 01 μmol /（ m^2·s）; the daily average transpiration rate of F8 treatment is the highest as 3. 57 mmol /（ m^2·s）,that of F1 treatment is the lowest as 1. 71 mmol /（ m^2·s）; 3 The yield of F7 treatment is the highest as 89 724 kg / hm^2,and the treatment of F1 is the lowest as 57 136. 5 kg / hm^2,the water use efficiency of F7 treatment reaches the maximum value of 20. 67 kg / m3. So comprehensively considering crop yield and water use efficiency,the soil water lower limit of F7 treatment is recommended for silage maize under drip irrigation.