基于自压滴灌工程过滤装置尺寸的确定及应用

Filter Size Determining and Application of Gravity Pressure Drip Irrigation Engineering

由于新疆牧业灌区无电供应,水源无法过滤,实现滴灌工程难,目前采用地面灌溉。地形坡度大、灌水量多、大量水土流失。灌区下游排水不畅,洼地沼泽化面积剧增,地下水位上升导致土壤盐碱化,弃田面积逐渐扩大、种植面积萎缩。为了解决上述问题,充分利用地形落差,研制了自压滴灌工程过滤装置。同时渠道进水流量、调水池的调节流量、集水桶流量及系统流量之间建立了平衡关系。用实例说明不同地形落差与自压滴灌工程系统流量及过滤装置尺寸的计算过程。解决了自压滴灌工程水源的过滤、排沙、冲沙及自行冲洗等问题。为无电牧业灌区实现节水灌溉技术提供依据。

Because of the absent of power supply in Xinjiang pasturing area,water can not be filtered,it is difficult to construct drip irrigation projects,so the surface ground irrigation method is currently used. There exist the problems of large terrain slope,large irrigation amount,severe soil and water loss,the blocked downstream drainage,the increase of swamp area,and soil stalinization due to the enhancement of groundwater level,the increase of abandon farmland area and the shrinking of planting area. In order to solve the above problems,this study makes full use of terrain elevation difference and develops a filter unit for gravity pressure drip irrigation engineering. Meanwhile,the balanced relationship is established among the input flow of channel,the adjusting flow of pool,the flow of collection bucket and the system flow. The calculation process of filter size for different terrain elevation difference and drip irrigation system flow is illustrated through some examples. The study results solve the problems of filtering,sand flushing,and self-washing and can provides basis for water-saving irrigation engineering in pasturing area without power supply.