基于U型布局制造单元的构建研究

Research of manufacturing cell formation based on U-shaped layout

单元制造技术能够将大批量制造的经济性与中小批量制造的灵活性进行有效结合,受到现代制造业的高度关注与应用.以单元构建问题为研究对象,针对U型布局这一单元制造系统的特殊形式,综合考虑可选择的工艺路径、相应工序的加工时间、设备的种类、加工能力、设备形状大小、设备之间和单元之间的距离、搬运工具的搬运批量及费用等信息,通过数学规划法,以单元内和单元间总的物流费用最小和设备负荷差惩罚成本最小为目标函数,建立单元构建数学模型,进而应用遗传算法,通过数值案例对单元构建的数学模型进行求解,得出最优单元划分方案及其批量零件相应的最优加工方案.

The economy of the mass manufacturing and the flexibility of medium and small-batch manufacturing are effectively combined through cellular manufacturing technology, which is got high attention and application in modern manufacturing. Taking cell formation as an object of study, aiming at the special form of cellular manufacturing system of U-shaped layout, the factors of optional process routing, processing time, equipment type and size, processing capacity, distance between equipments and cells, and handling batch and costs of handling tools were overall considered. Through the mathematical programming method, taking the least-cost of logistics within and between cells and the penalty cost minimizing of the equipment load disparity as objective function, the cell formation mathematical model was set up. By the genetic algorithm, the mathematical model of cell formation was solved through a numerical case, the optimal scheme for dividing cells and the corresponding optimal processing scheme of volume parts were concluded.