慢性乙型肝炎临床免疫学研究进展

Advances in clinical immunology research on chronic hepatitis B

近年来，临床免疫学在慢性乙型肝炎研究领域中的应用价值日益凸显。一方面，天然免疫识别机制、新型免疫细胞亚群以及免疫调节通路的发现与鉴定进一步丰富了慢性乙型肝炎的免疫学发病机理。另一方面，Toll样受体激动剂、免疫细胞及治疗性疫苗等旨在重建机体抗病毒免疫的新型免疫治疗手段的研发，为慢性乙型肝炎抗病毒治疗策略的优化提供了新的靶点，也为促进患者的HBsAg阴转及临床治愈带来了新的契机。

In recent years, clinical immunology has an increasing variety of prominent applications in the field of chronic hepatitis B infection. On one hand, the discovery and identification of the mechanisms of pathogen recognition by the innate immune system, novel immune cell snbpopulations and immunoregula- tory pathways further enriched the immunological pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B. On the other hand, the development of new immunotherapy strategies aimed at reconstructing the antiviral immunity, including agonists of Toll like receptors, immune cell therapies and therapeutic vaccines, have provided several new targets for the optimization of antiviral therapy strategies and brought new opportunities for patients of chronic hepatitis B to obtain HBsAg clearance and clinical cure.