体像困扰与社会文化因素

Body Image Disturbance and Sociocultural Factors

数据显示大多数人对自己的体像不满意,而对体像的不满意可能形成困扰。存在体像困扰的个体更多体验抑郁、焦虑等负面情绪,且体像困扰和进食障碍、体像障碍等精神疾病均存在密切的关系。在介绍概念的同时,本文还对体像困扰相关社会文化因素的影响进行了综述。已有研究表明女性较男性更容易受到体像困扰的影响;体像困扰存在跨文化的一致性,也存在文化差异;家庭、同伴和媒体对于体像困扰均有影响。

Body image dissatisfaction, as quantified by the distance between the ideal and real body image, contributes largely to the body image disturbance. Individuals with body image disturbance suffer from high level of depression and anxiety, as well as low self-esteem. Body image disturbance is often associated with mental disorders such as eating disorders and body dysmorphic disorder, and has been considered as the core symptom of these two disorders. As a result, a large proportion of studies on body image disturbance focus on diagnosed patients. However, recent studies suggest that many people among common population also suffer from body image disturbance. Thus, this issue should not be neglected due to the widespread influence. To date, only very limited studies have been carried out in China's Mainland. The purpose of current study is to review related findings systematically, which may contribute to our understanding of body image disturbance among common population and among those diagnosed with related mental disorders.