羟基自由基诱导DNA损伤机理研究进展

The research progress in DNA damage induced by hydroxyl radicals

自由基反应在生命科学中扮演重要的角色。在正常情况下,人体内自由基的产生与清除处于平衡状态,从而确保人体健康。运动时,一系列的生化反应导致机体内清除自由基的能力不足以平衡运动应激产生大量自由基,而使机体内自由基含量急剧增加。过多的自由基会导致DNA的结构改变,如糖苷脱落或碱基氧化,从而引起DNA永久性损伤,导致代谢异常,从而诱发各种疾病。重点阐述羟基自由基(·OH)诱导DNA所含4种碱基氧化和糖苷断裂机制的研究进展,旨在对DNA的损伤机理、过程有全面理解,以期对后期实验提供理论基础。

Free radical plays a key role in the biological science. Under the normal situation,the equilibrium state of generation and elimination of the free radicals is assured to the health of the body. When the generation of free radicals increases and tissues fail to remove it,bio-molecules will be damaged. Many lesions are produced by the highly reactive hydroxyl radical and the DNA bases or the sugar moiety in the body. DNA can be permanently damaged by free radicals,manifested as decomposition of pentose and oxidation of bases. There is an obvious evidence for an important role of free radical-induced DNA damage in the etiology of numerous diseases.This paper provides an overview of the mechanisms of DNA damage,such as oxidation of bases,breakup of sugar moiety which induced by hydroxyl radicals. A deep understanding to the mechanisms of DNA damages induced by free radical would be of outmost importance for disease prevention and treatment,and the prospect of research in DNA damage by free radicals was also presented in this paper.