促进可再生能源电力接纳的技术与实践

Technology and Practice of Promoting Renewable Energy Power Accommodation

我国已成为可再生能源发电装机规模与发电量最大的国家,可再生能源电力接纳问题日益突出,寻求该问题的解决方案将是"十三五"期间的重大任务。为此,该文从电力系统整体出发,分别从电网侧、发电侧及用户侧,梳理了促进可再生能源电力接纳的技术现状,总结了其技术特征与国内外实践经验,为我国"十三五"期间可再生能源接纳格局的改善提供借鉴。在电网侧,特高压输电技术、柔性直流输电技术、电网智能化技术将为我国可再生能源在更大范围的接纳提供坚强纽带,实现发电侧与用户侧间更为灵活、紧密的联系;在发电侧,常规机组的灵活调节技术、可再生能源的精细预测及主动控制技术、大规模储能技术将推动我国各类电源运行方式的深度转变;在用户侧,可再生能源电力供热、需求侧响应与虚拟电厂等技术将为终端用户主动、柔性地调节自身负荷、更多地使用可再生能源电力提供解决方案。依托特高压输电技术、融入大市场,实现可再生能源最大范围的优化配置,将是适合我国国情的重要选择。

While China has the largest power generation installed capacity and the largest generating capacity of renewable energy, the issue of renewable energy power accommodation is becoming more and more serious, whose solution will be a major task during ＂13th Five-Year＂ period. Therefore, starting from the whole power system, this paper introduces the renewable energy power accommodation technologies for grid side, generation side and consumer side respectively, and summarizes the technical features and practical experience at home and abroad, which can provide reference for the improvement of renewable energy accommodation pattern during ＂13th Five-Year＂ period in China. On the power grid side, UHV transmission technology, flexible DC transmission technology and smart grid technology will provide a strong link for China＇s renewable energy power accommodation in a wider range, to achieve a more flexible and close connection between the generation side and the user side. On the generation side, the flexible adjustment technology of conventional unit, the precise prediction of renewable energy and active control technology, large scale energy storage technology will promote the depth transition of various types of power supply operation modes in China and the construction of service system for renewable energy. On the user side, renewable power supply, demand side response and virtual power plants and other technologies will provide solutions for terminal users on active, flexible regulation of their own load and more use of renewable energy. Relying on UHV transmission technology, integrated into the big market, to achieve the optimal allocation of renewable energy in the largest range, will be an important choice for China＇s national conditions.