社会学中国化内涵的再认识

The Re-understanding of Connotation of Sociological Indigenization in China

自19世纪末20世纪初社会学被引入中国以来,"中国化"(本土化)一直是学科发展过程中的重要议题。有必要批评两种有关社会学本土化的理论观点:一是认为社会学作为一门科学学科,其理论具有科学的普遍性与规律性,因此本土化的意义并不大;二是一种类似于"压迫—反抗"式的观点,将社会学本土化视作各国家各民族在学术上对优势国家文化殖民或学术殖民的被动反抗。中国社会学的本土化进程是紧紧嵌入进本国的政治、经济与社会发展状况中的,并呈现出变动性;此外,中国深厚的文明传统也形塑了社会学在中国的独特品质,而且具有稳定性。正是这"变动——稳定"的辩证关系,才能予以社会学中国化最好的诠释。当前,在新的社会现实与历史机遇下,对生活的回归可以成为社会学中国化的重要转向。

Since sociology was introduced into China in the late 19 th century and early 20 th century,indigenization has been an important issue in the development of the subject. This article criticized two viewpoints about the theory of sociological indigenization through document research. One is that the sociological theory has scientific universality and regularity as a scientific discipline,hence indigenization is not very meaningful. The other is a kind of view which is similar to the＂oppression-resistance＂. In this view,the nativist illustrates that countries and nations resist cultural colonization or academic colonization of dominant countries. This paper presents first,the process of the sociological localization is firmly embedded in the native political,economic and social structure; second,the characters of sociology in different countries are shaped by their respective traditional civilization; last,at present,with the new social reality and the historical opportunity,it is an important turning point for the indigenization of sociology to return to life.