《礼记》人权文化基因的辩证思考

Dialectical Thinking on Human Rights Cultural Genes in The Book of Rites

"大同与小康"是中华民族"不忘初心"的古今人权梦想。一个国家和民族的人权历史发展与其自身的历史文化传统紧密相联。历史悠久的中国传统文化,蕴含着丰厚的人权价值基因。以《礼运》《王制》为逻辑主线,着重进行《礼记》人权文化基因的辩证思考。"礼必本于天"的民本人文情怀,"以天地为本"的生态伦理情结,"皆有所养"的民生权益关爱,"人之大端"的人格修养塑造,是《礼记》人权文化基因的主要内容。《礼记》人权文化基因的进步作用主要体现在,以儒家为主导的中国古代传统文化,对源远流长的中华人权文化基因组合所形成的凝聚力和向心力。《礼记》人权文化基因的历史局限性在于:权利主体是封建臣民而不是现代公民,权力主导是君主人治而不是民主法治,思维方式是朴素直观而不是能动自觉。《礼记》人权文化基因的当代启示是:习近平同志关于"不忘本来,吸收外来,面向未来"的科学论述,提供了崭新的世界观和方法论指导。不忘本来的根本就在于把握传统文化的本质和实质,吸收外来的根本在于把握不同人权文明交流互鉴的发展规律,面向未来的根本在于把握人类人权文明的发展大势。

＂Great Harmony and Well-off＂is the ancient and modern human rights dream that the Chinese nation＂stay true to the mission＂. The development of human rights in a country and nation is closely connected with its own historical and cultural traditions. The traditional Chinese culture with its long history embodies fruitful human rights value genes. Taking Li Yun and Wang Zhi as a logical clue,this article primarily focuses on dialectical thinking on human rights cultural genes in The Book of Rites,including the main content,the positive role,the historical limitation as well as contemporary inspiration. The Book of Rites human rights culture,the main content of the gene,＂the ceremony will be in the days＂of the people of the human feelings,＂Heaven-based＂eco-ethical complex,all have the support of people＇s rights and interests care,which is mainly embodied in the cohesion and centripetal force of the ancient Chinese traditional culture dominated by Confucianism and the long-standing gene combination of human rights culture in China. The combination of human rights culture gene is system and sublimation of the human rights culture gene which produces magical effects and overall function of polymerization. Historical limitations of human rights culture gene in The Book of Rites lie in the subject of rights are feudal subjects instead of modern citizens; the power is the rule of monarchy rather than democracy; and the rule of law and way of thinking are simple and intuitionistic rather than active consciousness. On the contemporary revelation of the genealogy of human rights culture in the The Book of Rites,Comrade Xi Jinping has provided a new world outlook and methodological guidance on the scientific exposition of ＂not forgetting original,absorbing outside and facing the future＂. The essence of ＂not forgetting original＂lies in grasping the essence of the traditional culture; the essence of ＂absorbing the outside＂is to grasp the development law of different human rights civilizations; and the essence of ＂facing the future＂lies in grasping the development trend of human rights civilization.