冬季恒温饮水和饲粮添加酵母水解物改善肉牛生长性能

Thermostatic apparatus for drinking water and yeast hydrolyzate supplementation improving growth performance of beef cattle in winter

试验研究了南方冬季安装恒温饮水系统和饲粮添加酵母水解物对拴系敞篷饲养肉牛生理和生产性能的影响。试验采用双因素设计,选取40头平均体重为177.8 kg的西杂肉牛,随机分成4个处理,处理1组肉牛饮23℃温水,并在饲粮中添加酵母水解物;处理2组肉牛饮23℃温水,饲粮中不添加酵母水解物;处理3组肉牛饮10℃冷水,饲粮中添加酵母水解物;对照组为肉牛饮10℃冷水,饲粮中不添加酵母水解物。酵母水解物的添加量为0.5%,进行为期30 d生长试验。分别测定了牛舍的环境指标、肉牛生理指标和肉牛日增重,并对经济效益进行了分析。结果如下:1冬季肉牛饮23℃温水和饲粮中添加酵母水解物对肉牛呼吸频率和直肠温度无影响;2处理1组、处理2组、处理3组比对照组肉牛平均日增重分别提高了0.25 kg(P<0.05)、0.14 kg(P<0.05)和0.15 kg(P<0.05)。处理1组比对照组增加毛利4.79元/(头·d)。3肉牛饮用23℃温水比饮用10℃冷水的日增重显著提高0.12 kg(P<0.05),增加毛利2元/(头·d)。饲粮添加酵母水解物显著提高日增重0.13 kg(P<0.05),增加毛利2.8元/(头·d)。表明南方冬季肉牛饮23℃温水和饲粮中添加0.5%酵母水解物均显著提高了肉牛生产性能和经济效益,二者结合使用效果较好。

Cold stress has become a common problem in health and performance of beef cattle in winter. Both drinking warm water and the yeast hydrolyzate supplementation in diet are effective measures to relieve the degree of cold stress. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of drinking warm water and the yeast hydrolyzate supplementation in diet on ambient temperature and humidity, physiological indexes and growth performance of beef cattle in winter in the Southern China. Forty Simmental Crossbred beef cattles （average body weight 177.8kg） were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups, and were raised in open feedlot barn for 30 days. In treatment Ⅰ （T1）, Beef cattle were supplied with 23℃ warm water and yeast hydrolyzate was added to beef cattle diet. In treatment Ⅱ （T2）, 23℃ warm water was drank but without yeast hydrolyzate in diet. In treatment Ⅲ （ T3）, Beef cattle were supplied with 10℃ cold water and yeast hydrolyzate was added to beef cattle diet. In the control treatment （T4）, 10℃ cold water was used but without yeast hydrolyzate in diet. The dosage of yeast hydrolyzate was 0.5%. The indexes such as environmental factors, rectal temperature , respiration rate , average daily gain and economic benefits were collected. The results showed as following： （1） There are no effect on rectal temperature and respiration rate of beef cattles by drinking 23℃ warm water and/or yeast hydrolysate supplementation in diet in winter. （2） The average daily gain of beef cattle in T1, T2, T3 was increased by 0.25 kg （ P 〈 0.05 ）, 0.14 kg （ P 〈 0.05 ） and0.15 kg （ P 〈 0. 05 ） than that in T4, respectively. Gross profit in rearing beef cattle in T1 was increased by 4.79 yuan per head per day than that in T4. （3） The average daily gain of beef cattle with supplying 23℃ warm water was increased by 0.12 kg （ P 〈 0.05 ） and gross profit in rearing beef cattle was increased by 2 yuan per head per day than those by drinking 10℃ cold water. And The average daily gain was increased by O. 13 kg （ P 〈 0.05 ） and gross profit was increased by 2.8 yuan per head per day in beef cattle supplied yeast hydrolyzate in diet. In conclusin, both drinking warm water and yeast hydrolyzate supplementation relieved the cold stress of beef cattle, and the average daily weight gain of beef cattle was improved, and finally the economic benefits was increased. However, the combination use of the two meas- ures leads to better results.