国内外体力活动影响因素的研究进展--基于社会生态学视角的分析

Research Progress of Influencing Factors on Physical Activities in China and abroad——An Analysis based on the Perspective of Social Ecology

通过梳理和分析国内外近30年有关体力活动影响因素的研究文献发现:随着时间的推移,职业、心脏病风险、婚姻状况、肥胖、家庭支持、医生对病人的康复运动建议等与体力活动的相关性越来越强;儿童时期自评健康状况、过去的健身行为、吸烟逐渐成为研究领域的新增变量;体力活动水平的提高不仅需要考虑个体的行为选择,还要充分关注社会环境、社区物质环境和自然环境的综合影响。今后研究中应加强对生命历程中体力活动跟踪的纵向研究,探索影响体力活动的决定性因素,实现有针对性的体力活动干预和健康促进。

By combing and analyzing the literature of the influencing factors on physical activities in China and abroad in the past three decades,it is found that with the time goes by,there is bigger correlation between physical activities and occupational,risk of heart diseases,marital status,obesity,family support,rehabilitation and exercise recommendations from physicians.The self-rated health status in childhood,fitness behaviors in the past,and smoking have gradually become new variables in this research field.The improvement of physical activity levels needs to consider individual behavior option,and it also needs to concern about society environment,material environment of the community and the natural environment as the comprehensive factor.In the future study,the longitudinal study of the physical activity tracked in the life course shall be strengthened,decisive factors influencing the physical activities shall be further explored,and the targeted physical activity intervention and health promotion shall be realized.