高浓度过氧乙酸的制备

Preparation of High Concentration Peracetic Acid

高浓度过氧乙酸是强氧化剂,用途广泛,但是化学性质不稳定,易分解,易爆炸。介绍了高浓度过氧乙酸的制备方法。制备高浓度的过氧乙酸首先需要得到高浓度的过氧化氢。通过制备高浓度的过氧化氢,得到了适宜的优化工艺:在真空度为10 mm Hg,在恒温为85℃,以2 s/滴的滴加速度,提纯2次即可得到70%的过氧化氢。通过制备高浓度过氧乙酸制备的条件选择性试验,考察了反应物料比、催化剂用量、温度等过氧乙酸浓度的影响。制备高浓度过氧乙酸的适宜条件为:70%的过氧化氢与冰乙酸质量比为4∶5时,滴加总质量为3%的浓硫酸,密封搅拌1 h后,避光静置12 h后,过氧乙酸的含量最大为40.8%。提出了高浓度过氧乙酸制备、贮存和使用的适宜条件。

High concentration of peracetic acid is a strong oxidant, it is widely used, but its chemical nature is unstable. In this paper, the preparation method of peracetic acid with high concentration was introduced. At first, in order to prepare high concentration peracetic acid, high concentration hydrogen peroxide need be prepared. Through analysis on the preparation process of high concentration hydrogen peroxide, the optimum process condition was obtained as follows： constant temperature 85 ° C, vacuum degree 10 mm Hg, dropping rate 2 s/drop, purifying times 2.Under above conditions, 70% high concentration hydrogen peroxide can be prepared. The effect of the ratio of reactants, the amount of catalyst and the temperature on the concentration of prepared peracetic acid was investigated by the conditional selectivity test. The optimum conditions for the preparation of peracetic acid with high concentration were determined as follows： mass ratio of 70% hydrogen peroxide and glacial acetic acid 4： 5, concentrated sulfuric acid dosage 3%, sealing and agitating time 1 h, standing time away from light 12 h.Under above conditions, the maximum content of prepared peracetic acid can reach to 40.8%. The suitable conditions for the preparation, storage and use of peracetic acid with high concentration were put forward.