辽宁省成年居民膳食模式与代谢综合征关系

Relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome among adult residents in Liaoning province

目的分析辽宁省成年居民的膳食模式与代谢综合征(MS)的关系。方法利用2010—2012年"中国居民营养与健康状况监测"项目中辽宁省≥18岁成年人调查资料,采用因子分析获得膳食模式,利用非条件logistic回归分析不同膳食模式与M S及其组分的关系。结果 1 843名研究对象共提取3种膳食模式:模式1"米薯菜豆"(31.9%)、模式2"杂菜海水果"(31.6%)和模式3"面奶猪肉蛋"(36.5%);不同地区和年龄居民模式1的报告率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),不同性别、地区和年龄居民模式2的报告率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001),不同性别和地区居民模式3的报告率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非条件logistic回归分析显示,模式1是低HDL-C血症(OR=1.952,P<0.001)和高血糖(OR=1.983,P<0.05)的危险因素;模式2是低HDL-C血症的危险因素(OR=1.403,P<0.05);模式3是中心性肥胖(OR=0.623,P<0.05)和高TG血症(OR=0.603,P<0.05)的保护因素。结论辽宁省成年居民膳食模式与M S及其组分关系密切;应依据M S及其组分的危险因素,针对不同膳食模式人群加强公众健康教育,倡导平衡膳食,预防MS及其组分的发生。

Objective To analyze the relationship between metabolic syndrome （MS） and dietary patterns among adult residents in Liaoning province. Methods Information on nutrition and health status of adult residents （ ≥ 18 years old） in five survey sites of Liaoning province were extracted from the dataset of 2010 - 2012 Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance. Factor analysis was adopted to identify dietary patterns and unconditional logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between dietary pattern and the occurrence of MS among the residents. Results Three main dietary patterns were identified among the 1 843 participants, namely pattern A （ mainly with rice, potato, light color vegetables and beans）, B （ mainly with other cereals, dark color vegetables, fish and shrimp, and fruits） and C （ mainly with wheat,milk,pork,and eggs） and the proportions of the participants reporting the dietary patterns were 31.9% ,31.6%, and 36. 5 % for pattern A, B, and C, respectively. There were significant region and age differences in the proportion of residents reporting dietary pattern A （both P 〈 0. 001 ）, significant gender, region, and age differences in the proportion of residents reporting dietary pattern B （P 〈 0. 001 for all） and significant gender and region differences in the proportion of residents reporting dietary pattern C （ both P 〈 0. 05 ）. Unconditioned logistic regression analysis displayed that pattern A was a risk factor for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （odds ratio[ OR] = 1.952,P 〈0. 001 ） and hypertriglyceri- demia （ OR = 1. 983 ,P 〈0.05） ;pattern B was a risk factor for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （ OR = 1. 403, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; and pattern C was a risk factor for central obesity （ OR = 0. 623, P 〈 0.05 ） and hypertriglyceridemia （ OR = 0. 603,P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Dietary pattern is closely associated with MS and its components among adult residents in Liaoning province. Specific health education should be promoted among the residents with different dietary patterns for the prevention of MS and its components among the residents.