冰雪环境公路弯道线形诱导标志色彩视认特性研究

Study on Color Visual Recognition Characteristics of Chevron Alignment Sign on Road Curve in Ice and Snow environment

为了提高冰雪公路弯道行车安全,研究冰雪环境中驾驶员对不同线形诱导标志的视认效果,通过分析驾驶员色彩视觉效应,采用3ds Max软件建立了冰雪公路弯道仿真模型。基于E-prime软件分别进行了不同速度下反应时间的色彩视认心理物理试验,根据试验结果采用回归分析法确定了行驶速度与视认距离之间的定量关系。对比结果表明:不同的色彩对冰雪环境中视认距离表现出较大差异;蓝色和红色标志拥有最佳视认效果,表现为在20~50 km/h速度中,视认距离介于33 m和41 m之间,并拥有良好的稳定性,其中蓝色标志的视认效果略优于红色标志;绿色标志视认距离稳定性较差,黄色标志视认距离整体最低,二者均不利于行车安全性。

In order to improve the driving safety on ice and snow curve,driver＇ s visual recognition effect of different chevron alignment signs is studied. The simulation model of ice and snow road curve is built by using 3DS Max software with analyzing drivers＇ color vision effect. Based on the E-prime software,the color on the reaction time of physical experiment for visual recognition at different speeds is conducted. The quantitative relationship between driving speed and recognition distance is determined by regression analysis method according to the experimental result. The contrast result shows that（ 1） there is a significant difference of visual recognition distance in different colors of snow and ice;（ 2） blue and red signs have the best visual recognition effect which have ideal stability,the performance as the visual recognition distance is between 33 m to 41 m at 20～50 km / h,and the visual cognition effect of blue signs is slightly better than that of red signs;（ 3） the stability of green signs visual distance is unstable,while the visual recognition distance of yellow signs is the minimum,both colors are harmful to road safety.