2003～2014年安康某高校新生乙肝病毒感染及免疫接种情况调查

Investigation on the Freshmen' Status of the Preventive Vaccination Against Hepatitis B in A University of Ankang City in 2003～2014

目的了解安康某高校新生乙肝病毒感染率、乙肝疫苗接种后的免疫学效果,为高校乙肝防治提供科学依据。方法以安康某高校近12年25 895例新生为调查对象,对新生乙肝病毒血清标志物五项、丙氨酸氨基转移酶的检测结果进行回顾性调查,观察接种乙肝疫苗1年后血清中HBsAb阳转率以及加强免疫后HBsAb阳转率。结果新生乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性率4.07%,男女生阳性率分别为5.58%,3.14%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。来自农村与城镇学生乙肝表面抗原阳性率分别为4.77%,2.93%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别接种乙肝疫苗免疫效果差异无统计学意义(x^2=5.80,P>0.05);10μg与5μg乙肝疫苗免疫后血清HBsAb阳性率为95.15%,84.76%差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论安康地区大学新生乙肝病毒感染率、乙肝保护性抗体阳性率均低于全国水平,新生乙肝病毒感染率呈现出男性高于女性、农村高于城镇的特点;乙肝疫苗免疫效果良好,需对无应答人群加强免疫确保免疫效果。

Objective To understand the freshmen＇s status of hepatitis B virus infection,immunological effect after vaccination against hepatitis B from a university in Ankang city, to provide a scientific basis for university＇s prevention from hepati- tis B. Methods Analyzed the results of five markers of hepatitis B virus infection and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） of 25 895 freshmen in a college in Ankang for resent 12 years,and observed the HBsAb serocoversion in serum 1 year after vacci- nation against hepatitis B and after strengthened immunity. Results The HBeAg positive rate of the freshmen was 4.07 %, among which the male was 5. 580/00 （281/5 035） ,and the female was 3.14% （258/8 214）. The difference had significance of statistic （P〈0.05）. The college students＇ HBeAg positive rate from rural area and from urban area were 4.77 % and 2.93 % respectively, the difference had significance of statistic （P〈 0.05）. There was no significant statistic difference in immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine for different sex （χ2 = 5.80, P〈0.05）. Their HBsAb positive rate was 95. 15 % after injected with 10 μg hepatitis B and 5 μg hepatitis B vaccine,which had significance of statistic （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The hepatitis B virus infection rate and the hepatitis B protective antibody of the college freshmen in Ankang district was lower than that of the whole country and had a decreased tendency. It showed the male＇s infection rate of hepatitis B virus was higher than the female,the rural was higher than the urban,and the immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine proved to be good. It should be- strengthened immunity for non-responders to ensure the immune effect if necessary.