25个湖南、陕西茯砖茶样品挥发性成分的HS-SPME-GC-MS分析

Analysis of volatile components of twenty-five Hunan and Shaanxi Fuzhuan tea samples by HS-SPME-GC-MS

【目的】分析湖南和陕西两个产区25个茯砖茶样品挥发性物质组成,为茯砖茶的鉴定、香气成分研究提供基础。【方法】采用顶端固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)进行25个湖南、陕西茯砖茶样品挥发性成分的提取、鉴定,并利用保留指数(RI)对其进行定性、定量和比对分析。【结果】25个茯砖茶样品共鉴定出102种挥发性化合物,其中A类陕西茯砖茶挥发性成分主要为醇类(38.47%)、酯类(28.49%),B类陕西茯砖茶和C类湖南茯砖茶以酮类、醛类、醇类为主,平均相对含量分别为21.62%,16.29%,17.33%(B类)和26.30%,16.62%,12.78%(C类)。形成"菌花香"的关键成分包括呈药草香的水杨酸甲酯,呈木香、花果香的芳樟醇及其氧化物,呈紫罗兰香气、木香的α-紫罗兰酮和β-紫罗兰酮,呈玫瑰香和果香的香叶基丙酮、香叶醇,具有陈味的5,6-环氧-β-紫罗兰酮和呈木香的二氢-β-紫罗兰酮等。【结论】A类陕西茯砖茶与其他样品差别显著,其余陕西、湖南茯砖茶无明显地域差别,挥发性物质组成比较接近。

【Objective】The volatile components of twenty-five Fuzhuan tea samples from Hunan and Shaanxi were analyzed to provide basis for research of aroma constituents and identification of Fuzhuan tea.【Method】HS-SPME and GC-MS coupled with retention index（RI）were applied to extract and identify the volatile components of twenty-five Fuzhuan tea samples from Hunan and Shaanxi.【Result】A total of 102 volatile components were identified in twenty-five Fuzhuan tea samples.GC-MS and RI analysis indicated that alcohols（38.47%）and esters（28.49%）were dominating in Shaanxi category A,while ketones,aldehydes and alcohols were dominating in category B and category C with average contents of 21.62%,16.29%,and 17.33%for B,and 26.30%,16.62%,and 12.78%for C.The key compounds contributing to the characteristic＂fungal aroma＂of Fuzhuan tea included methyl salicylate（herbal）,linalool and linalool oxide（woody/floral/fruity）,α-Ionone andβ-Ionone（violet/woody）,（E）-6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one and geraniol（rose/fruity）,β-Ionon-5,6-epoxide（stale）,and dehydro-β-ionone（woody）.【Conclusion】Category A Shaanxi Fuzhuan tea samples were extremely different with the others,while the volatile components of other Shaanxi Fuzhuan tea samples were similar to Hunan Fuzhuan tea samples.