我国政府信息公开中个人隐私认定的司法经验及启示

Judicial Experience and Enlightenment of Determining What Privacy Is in China's Government Information Disclosure

隐私概念的不确定性给行政机关判断相关信息是否应当公开带来了困难。我国的行政诉讼中往往通过当事人的公开意愿、公开行为、社会一般的认知、对隐私权人的不利影响等因素来判断相关信息是否属于个人隐私。公开申请人是密切的利害关系人、公开的利益优于不公开的利益、法律强制公开这三种情形构成了隐私保护的例外。通过对司法经验的整理,行政机关可以通过强制公开的法律规定、申请人的资格、当事人的意愿、社会的一般认知以及利益衡量等五个步骤的审查来确认是否给予相关信息以隐私权的保护。

The uncertainty of privacy＇s conception brings difficulties for the agency to determine that some information should be disclosed or not in the government information disclosure practice. In China＇s adminis-tration litigation, as to determine whether the information is privacy, the court usually takes into consideration the individual＇s will, actions of publishing, society＇s general view, and negative effects on the individual. The close relationship between the applicant and the individual, much more interests of disclosing and the compulsory regulations are the exceptions of the privacy protection. By sorting the judicial experience, the agency could take five steps to solve the problem： examining the regulations of disclosure, the applicant＇s qualification, the individual＇s view, society＇s general view and interests measuring.