环太平洋成矿域主要铜-金矿床地质特征、成矿作用及找矿潜力

Geological characteristics, ore-forming processes and prospecting potential of Cu-Au deposits in the Circum-Pacific metallogenic domain

环太平洋成矿域是全球最重要的成矿域之一,一直是世界找矿勘查开发和成矿理论研究的热点地区。域内斑岩型、矽卡岩型、浅成低温热液型、造山型、卡林型等大型-超大型矿床在特殊构造背景中密集分布,资源潜力巨大。这些矿床的成矿时代以中、新生代为主,构造背景多为显生宙造山带,成矿作用多与太平洋内各大洋板块俯冲作用密切相关,矿床的形成和产出具有明显的偏在性、专属性。介绍了环太平洋成矿域的成矿环境,选取代表性的铜和金矿床,归纳总结了其地质特征和成矿作用,梳理讨论了不同类型矿床的成矿背景、分布规律,分析了区域找矿潜力。

The Circum-Pacific metallogenic domain is one of the most important metallogenic domains in the world, and has always been the most attractive region for exploration development and metallogenic theory research. In this domain, many large-superlarge porphyry, skarn, epithermal, orogenic and carlin type deposits are distributed densely in special tectonic settings. In addition, the resources potential in the domain is also very great. The metallogenic epochs of these deposits are mainly Mesozoic and Cenozoic, with most of them formed in Phanerozoic orogenic belt and controlled by subduction and collision of Pacific Ocean plates. These deposits show obvious mineralization preferentiality and specificity. In this paper, the authors have described the metallogenic setting of Circum-Pacific metallogenic domain, and selected typical copper and gold deposits to summarize their geological characteristics and oreforming processes. Meanwhile, the geological setting, temporal-spatial distribution regularities of various types of deposits and prospecting potentials of the metallogenic belts in this domain have also been discussed.