哈萨克斯坦日良矿成矿模式及其开发潜力

The metallogenic model and development potential of the Zhilyanskoe potash salt deposit in Kazakhstan

中国是个缺钾的国家,每年需要大量进口钾肥。哈萨克斯坦的日良钾盐矿是一座大型钾石盐-杂卤石矿山,位于哈萨克斯坦西部滨里海盆地的东部边缘,紧邻乌拉尔褶皱带。含盐矿层为二叠系孔谷阶,矿体位于近南北向的日良背斜上,上钾盐层为2~3个钾石盐分层,下钾盐层为3个杂卤石分层。日良钾盐矿与滨里海盆地及乌拉尔褶皱带上的其他钾盐矿(如上卡姆钾盐矿)的沉积条件类似,同时拥有滨里海盆地及乌拉尔褶皱带上其他钾盐矿的特征,但具有独特的产生大规模原生杂卤石成矿条件,使得研究日良的杂卤石对研究滨里海盆地及乌拉尔褶皱带这2个重要钾盐成矿带的形成和演化有很大的参考价值。

China lacks potash resources and needs to import huge amounts of potash fertilizer. The Zhilyanskoe deposit is a large sylvite-polyhalite deposit which is located in western Kazakhstan and lies on the eastern margin of the Pricaspian basin, close to Ural orogeny. The ore-bearing salt strata belong to the Kungurian Formation, and orebodies are localized within the Zhilyanskaya anti- cline structure. The upper horizon of potash salt contains 2-3 sylvinite beds, while the lower horizon of potash salt contains 3 polyha- lite beds. The Zhilyanskoe deposit shares similar depositional environments and many similar characteristics with other potash salt de- posits such as Solikamsk deposit in Pricaspian basin and along the Ural orogeny; nevertheless, its unique metal/ogenic condition allows large scale deposition of primary polyhalites, and hence the study of the Zhilyanske polyhalite deposit would provide valuable refer- ence for the study of the formation and evolution of two important potash metallogenic zones, i.e., the Pricaspian basin and the Ural orogeny.