某三甲妇幼保健院医务人员职业倦怠现状及其压力源与社会支持研究

The Research of Job Burnout with Pressure Sources and Social Support of Medical Staff in a Top Three Maternal and Child Health Hospital

目的 :探讨职业倦怠与压力源和社会支持之间的相关性,为降低医务人员职业倦怠水平提供对策。方法 :采用方便抽样的方法,由经过培训的调查员按统一方法,运用马氏人际工作者倦怠量表、工作压力源影响量表、社会支持评定量表3份问卷,同时对南京市某三级甲等妇幼保健院医务人员进行问卷调查。共发放问卷320份,回收有效问卷302份,有效回收率94.4%。结果 :1对医务人员各维度职业倦怠程度的评定中,73.8%的医务人员有中度或高度的情绪衰竭,约68.5%的人有中度或高度的缺乏人情味;13.2%的人成就感低;2职业倦怠与压力源相关性分析显示,情绪衰竭与社会、组织、个人因素三方面正相关,缺乏人情味与社会、组织、个人因素三方面正相关,个人成就感与组织、个人因素两方面负相关;3职业倦怠与社会支持相关性分析显示,情绪衰竭与主观支持、利用度负相关,缺乏人情味与主观支持、利用度负相关,个人成就感与主观支持、利用度正相关;4职业倦怠与不同学历、每天不同工作时间有关,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:目前,医务人员中职业倦怠现象普遍存在。相关分析结果表明,压力源量表、社会支持量表分别与职业倦怠量表存在相关性,并对职业倦怠的产生具有预警作用。

Objective：To provide the countermeasures to the job burnout of medical staff through the discussion of the relationship of job burnout,pressure sources and social support. Measures： Adopted the method of convenience sampling of three kinds of questionnaires which include the Markov human worker burnout inventory, work pressure sources affect scale and social support rating scale, and conducted a questionnaire survey to the staff in a top three maternal and child health hospital in Nanjing. Result： ①There are 73.8% medical staff who have the moderate or high degree of emotional exhaustion,68.5% have the moderate or high degree of human touch lacking,and 13.2% have low personal accomplishmen. ②The correlational analyse of job burnout and pressure sources shows there are positive correlations between the emotional exhaustion,human touch lacking with the social, organization and personal factors,and there are negative correlations between the personal accomplishmen with the the social,organization and personal factors. ③The correlational analyse of job burnout and social support shows there are negative correlations between emotional exhaustion and human touch lacking with major support and availability, and positive correlations with personal accomplishmen. ④There are correlations between job burnout with different education background and working hours,the difference is statistically significant. Conclusion：There are common existences of medial staff who have the job burnout. The analysis shows there are relations between the Markov human worker burnout inventory with the work pressure sources affect scale and the social support rating scale, and they could have the early-warning function to the generation of job burnout.