马来西亚汉语方言声调变异及其社会因素的调查研究--以霹雳州北部三个相邻渔村的普宁话为个案分析

Survey on the Malaysian Chinese Dialect Tonal Variations and Its Social Influences——Case Study on Chaozhou(Puning) Dialect of Three Neighbouring Fishing Villages in North Perak

马来西亚的各种汉语方言经过百余年的彼此接触变异中形成了形态各异的"方言变体",在海外汉语方言的研究中具有特殊价值与意义。首先是马来西亚华人的方言生态保留较多早期南来移民的原始面貌,尤其在乡镇地区,方言的使用度也较高;然而由于长时间不同方言间的接触,尤其加上各种特殊社会因素的变化,因此同一个乡镇方言南来之后也会形成彼此各异的变异型态。本文通过马来半岛北部霹雳州与槟城州交界的三个原籍潮州普宁人聚落的调查研究,并结合当地社会因素的比较,探讨与分析当地普宁话声调特殊变异与其社会形态的相互影响。由此观察得知,马来西亚的汉语方言除了保留着原籍乡镇次方言的音系特征以外,还随着各地社会因素的影响而产生不同的变化形态。

Malaysian Chinese dialects, after over a century of interactions with different languages, de- veloped into all kinds of variations. Therefore among the overseas Chinese dialects, Malaysian Chinese di- alects have their own unique research values. Firstly, dialects in Malaysian Chinese communities main- tained much of their original states as the earliest immigrants from China's Mainland, especially in rural ar- eas where dialect usage still remained very high. However, due to long-term language interactions, espe- cially following the various kinds of societal changes will result in different unique changes. This paper , even the same dialect brought over into Malaysia by examining the Chaozhou Puning dialect in three fishing villages along the borders of Perak state and Penang state in Peninsula Malaysia, explores the u- nique tonal variations of their Puning dialects, and the social influences that causes these variations. Hence, we conclude that Malaysian Chinese dialects basically maintained their original brought from their hometown, at the same time experienced some unique variations due to respective societal factors. sound systems changes in the