胶东门笺:迎风招展的喜庆

Jiaodong Door Paper Cuts:Happiness Flying in the Wind

门笺,又名过门钱、挂门笺、挂钱儿、吊子、门吊等。门笺属刻纸制品,在山曼、柳红伟编著的《山东剪纸民俗》一书中,将门笺归结到节日剪纸的范畴。关于门笺的起源和流传,叶又新先生在其著作《山东门笺》中论述如下：“门笺状如小幡,纹饰类如人胜。用幡胜表达人们意愿的风俗,最初见于汉晋的文献记载。《后汉书·礼仪志》：‘立春之日,夜漏未尽五刻,京都百官皆衣青衣,郡国县道官下至斗食令史皆服青帻,立青幡,施土牛耕人于户外,以示兆民,至立夏＇”。

The door paper cut is also called the passing door paper cut,hanging door paper cut,hanging paper cut,hanging,and door hanging.As a kind of paper cuts,the door paper cut was classified into the category of festival paper cuts in the book titled Shandong Paper Cutting Folk Customs authored by Shanman and LIU Hongwei.The door paper cut is cut with five-color paper including red,green,yellow,pink and bluish violet.The coordination of the five colors can be dated back to the ancient times.The door paper cuts are in different forms,but the basic form is rectangle in accordance with golden mean composed of three parts with Tangzi in the center,frames in the upper,left and right,and tassels(also called 'Yazi' or 'Zhijiao') in the lower part.Tangzi is the most complex part,the interior of which is decorated with reseaus,lantern ribs,money strings,serrations,crosses,diamonds,battlements,water waves and semi circles with propitious characters in the backdrop of graphics.There is at least one character in every paper cut.