中国西南地区儿童口腔颌面部间隙感染特点的初步分析

Preliminary analysis the characteristics of children oral and maxillofacial space infection in Southwest China

目的探讨中国西南地区儿童颌面部不同解剖区域间隙感染的病因、临床特点及治疗方法,为后期临床治疗提供参考。方法回顾性分析我科2009年1月至2014年12月收治的44例颌面部间隙感染患儿临床资料。数据采用SPSS19.0的软件进行统计分析。结果 44例口腔颌面部感染患儿中平均发病年龄4.18±3.86岁,男女比例1:1.09;症状出现到入院平均间隔时间6.73土4.89天;平均住院治疗时间9.64土3.52天;颊间隙感染最为常见,主要感染源为损伤源性及牙源性,分别占60%、33.33%;颌下间隙其次常见,主要感染源为腺源性,占70%;链球菌属及金黄色葡萄球菌为易感菌;单纯抗感染治疗14例,局部脓肿切开引流30例;经治疗痊愈40例,好转3例,总有效率97.7%。结论中国西南地区儿童颌面部间隙感染好发于颊间隙及颌下间隙。牙源性及腺源性为常见感染源。保守治疗及手术治疗均为颌面部间隙感染的有效治疗方法。在对患儿进行综合治疗的同时,应依据不同感染区域行有针对性的治疗,以提高临床疗效。

Objective To discuss the etiology, clinical characteristic and treatment of children maxillofacial different anatomical regions in the Southwest China, to provide the reference for clinical treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis of 44 clinical data of hospitalized pediatric patients with maxillofacial space infection of our department from Jan, 2009 to Dec, 2014. The data is analyzed with SPSS19.0 software package. Results 44 children with oral maxillifacial infections are（4.18±3.86） years old in average;male/ female ratio is 1：1.09; The mean time from appearing symptoms to be hospital treatment is（6.73±4.89） days in average;The average hospitalization time was（9.64±3.52）days.Buccal space infection is the most common, the main infection sources are damage and odontogenic,60% and 33.33% respectively.The second is submandibular space, the main infection source is lymphadenitis infection, accounted for 70%.Streptococcus and staphylococcus aureus are the susceptible bacteria.14 simple anti infection treatment and 30 incision and drainage of abscess in children. The recover after treatment are 40 and there are 3 to become better. The overall efficiency is 97.7%. Conclusion The buccal and submandibular space are the main source of children maxillofacial space infection in southwest China. Odontogenic and lymphadenitis infection are common source of infection.Conservative treatment and surgical treatment are the effective treatment for maxillofacial space infection.It can be based on the different infection areas to have a targeted therapy when having a comprehensive treatment of pediatric patients, which could improve the clinical effect.