骨性Ⅱ类错畸形青少年上气道生长发育特点的初步研究

A preliminary study of the growth and development of the upper airway in skeletal class Ⅱ patients

目的:采用颈椎骨龄定量分期法(QCVM)观察骨性Ⅱ类错畸形青少年患者上气道生长发育特点。方法:收集骨性Ⅱ类错畸形患者头颅侧位定位片,根据QCVM将患者分为4期,Ⅰ:QCVM<1.740 4,Ⅱ:1.740 4<QCVM<2.623 0,Ⅲ:2.623 0<QCVM<3.519 9,IV:QCVM>3.519 9(n=30),拍摄X线头颅定位侧位片,对不同颈椎骨龄分期的骨性Ⅱ类错患者的上气道及其周围组织进行比较。结果:SNA、SNB、后鼻棘-咽顶点距离(PNS-R)、后鼻棘-上咽壁点距离(PNS-UPW)在QCVMⅡ期较I期有明显增加(P<0.05),腭垂尖-中咽壁点距离(U-MPW)在QCVMⅢ期较Ⅱ期、QCVMⅡ期较Ⅰ期均有明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:颈椎骨龄定量分期法能较精确评估骨性Ⅱ类错畸形患者上下颌骨及上气道生长发育潜力,为骨性Ⅱ类错畸形的早期矫治提供一定理论依据。

Objective： To investigate the growth and development of the upper airway in adolescent skeletal class Ⅱ patients according to Quantitative Cervical Vertebral Maturation（QCVM）. Methods： 120 skeletal class Ⅱ patients（9.5 -17.6 years） were enrolled and divided into 4 groups according to QCVM, I ： QCVM 〈 1. 740 4, Ⅱ ： 1. 740 4 〈 QCVM 〈 2. 623 0, Ⅲ： 2. 623 0 〈 QCVM 〈 3.519 9, IV ： QCVM 〉 3. 519 9（ n = 30）. Cephalometric measurements for upper airway were obtained and then compared. Results： Compared with QCVM I,SNA,SNB, PNS- R, PNS- UPW were increased at QCVM Ⅱ. U- MPW was increased during QCVM Ⅱ and Ⅲ（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： QCVM is an practical standard to characterize the development potential of the upper airway and can be used to judge the optimal treatment timing for mandibular retrusion.