存在主义视角下不同专业医学生临终关怀态度调查及生命教育对策

The knowledge and attitude to palliative and terminal care in medical college students based on existentialism and strategies to life education

目的 :比较不同专业医学生的临终关怀态度与知识水平,分析其影响因素及生命教育对策。方法 :采用临终关怀态度和知识问卷对辽宁省3所医学院校不同专业本科生858名进行了调查,并通过方差分析及多元逐步回归分析的方法分析所在专业及其他因素对医学生临终关怀态度及知识的影响。结果 :不同专业医学生在临终关怀照护态度总分方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。然而在临终关怀态度具体维度方面显示出了差异,护理专业学生在实施临终关怀照护的态度、临终关怀知识的自我评估、对死亡教育和临终关怀教育的态度等维度显著优于其他专业(P<0.05)。影响临终关怀知识的回归分析显示,本人是否患过重病和家庭成员是否患过重病联合解释变异量的55.9%;影响临终关怀态度的回归分析显示,性别和临终关怀知识总分联合解释变异量的4.8%。结论 :不同专业医学生在某些临终关怀态度方面显示出差异,医学教育中应加强对医学影像、麻醉学、口腔医学等专业学生的生命教育,通过网络等途径扩大对医学生教育的影响。

Objective： To investigate the knowledge and attitude to palliative and terminal care in medical college students and to explore the coping strategies. Methods： This cross-sectional study was carried out in 3 medical universities in Liaoning province. The influencing factors were analyzed by ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. Results： No significant difference was found among students with different medical specialties in the total scores of palliative care attitude （P〉0.05）. However, students majoring in nursing had statistically higher scores in the dimensions of the attitude on carrying out palliative care, self-assessment of palliative care knowledge, and the attitude on death education （P〈0.05）. Whether family members or themselves having experiences of suffering from serious disease entered the regression equation for general score of palliative care knowledge, explained 55.9% of variation. While genders and palliative care knowledge level were influencing factors of palliative care attitude by regression analysis, explained 4.8% of variation. Conclusion： There were statistically significant differences among students with different medical specialties in some dimensions of palliative care attitude. More attention should be paid on life education for students majoring in medical Imaging, anesthesiology and dentistry, and enlarge the influence ofinternet and other paths for medical students education.