铅屏风在PET增强CT中的具体应用及操作人员所受辐射剂量分析

Application of lead screen in PET-enhanced CT scanning and radiation analysis on operator

目的对比分析PET增强CT中医务人员在有、无铅屏风防护下进行床边连接高压注射器操作时受照剂量的大小以及操作时间的长短，评价铅屏风在辐射防护中的应用价值。方法按一定的入组条件选择患者40例，按简单随机抽样法分为实验组（有铅屏风防护）和对照组（无铅屏风防护）各20例。用个人计量仪分别测量两组操作人员在连接高压注射器时所受的剂量当量率和累积剂量，记录下操作者每次床边操作所用的时间，利用统计分析软件SPSS17．0综合分析以上数据，利用独立样本t检验分析数据之间的统计学差异，得出受照辐射剂量及操作便捷性等相关结果。结果实验组操作者所受的平均剂量当量率和中位剂量当量率远小于对照组操作者，两者之间的差异具有统计学意义（t=3．390、3．392，均P〈0．05）；在平均累积剂量当量和中位累积剂量当量上，实验组亦小于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t=1．182、1．182，均P〈0．05）；实验组操作人员随着对屏风使用次数的增多，熟练程度逐渐增加，床边操作时间呈下降趋势，逐渐接近对照组无屏风时床边操作所用的时间。结论在使用铅屏风后，实验组操作人员的辐射剂量当量率有明显的降低；累积剂量亦随床边操作时间的降低呈下降趋势，且整体数值较对照组亦明显降低。铅屏风在辐射防护中有其实际的应用价值。

Objective To analyze the dose and the duration that medical staff can take during operation with or without lead screen protection in PET-enhanced CT and to evaluate the practical application value of lead screen on radioproteetion. Methods According to a certain set of conditions, 40 patients were selected, and randomly and equally divided into experimental group （with lead screen protection ） and control group （without lead screen protection ）. A personal meter was used to measure personal radiation rate and cumulative dose equivalent. The time required for the operator was recorded. The analysis of these statistics adopted t-text by SPSS17.0 and conclusion on the radiation dose and operation convenience was drawn. Results The average dose equivalent rate and the median dose equivalent rate of the operator group was remarkably less than that of the control group （t=3.390, 3.392, both P〈0.05 ）. On the average cumulative dose equivalent and the median cumulative dose equivalent, the value for the experimental group was also less than that for the control group （t=1.182, 1.182, both P〈0.05 ）. The more the operator used the lead screen, the shorter the time could take. So the time the experimental group took was decreased with the increasing proficiency, and the time was closed to the control group. Conclusions When using lead screen, the radiation equivalent rate of operation personnel was low. The cumulative dose equivalent decreased, and all such changes were due to the time used in the operation. Lead screen exhibited its practical application value on radioprotection.