单纯疱疹病毒的潜伏、复发感染与防治

Latent and Recurrent Infection of Herpes Simplex Virus

单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)分为HSV-1及HSV-2两种血清型,感染后可在人体内长期潜伏且易复发,造成治疗及预防上的巨大困难。潜伏相关转录体(LATs)是单纯疱疹病毒潜伏期间大量存在和被转录的RNA,也是目前研究单纯疱疹病毒潜伏与复发机制的热点。近年来的研究使研究者们对LATs在单纯疱疹病毒潜伏、复发中所起的作用有了更进一步的认识。CTCF(CCCTC binding factor)是广泛存在于真核生物的多功能转录因子,其M段11个锌指结构可以形成不同的组合,调控多种靶基因的表达。CTCF在病毒的潜伏和激活过程中发挥着重要的调节作用,CTCF从结合位点脱落,病毒将被激活进行复制。目前,HSV感染的治疗主要依靠口服抗病毒药物,但难以清除患者体内潜伏的病毒,因此研究HSV疫苗已成为预防和治疗生殖器疱疹的关键。虽然目前尚无安全有效的疫苗批准上市,但其研制已取得一定的进展。阐明病毒潜伏及感染复发的具体机制,对揭示HSV感染易复发的本质,及有效防治HSV感染有重要意义。

Herpes simplex virus contains two kinds of serum types,HSV-1 and HSV-2.The infection is easy to relapse and the virus can be in long-term latent in vivo,so it＇s difficult for the prevention and treatment.Latency-associated transcripts,which are a large number of the existence and transcription of RNA,are a hot spot in the study of the mechanism of herpes simplex virus latency and recurrence.Recently,we get more acknowledge about the role played by LATs in herpes simplex virsus latency and recurrence from studies.CTCF,a multifunctional transcription factor,is widely existed in eukaryotes,and its M segment 11 zinc finger structures can form different combinations.It can regulate the expression of multiple target genes.CTCF has an important regulatory role in the latency and activation process of virus.When CTCF is off from the binding site,the virus will be activated to be replicated.The clinical treatment of HSV infection relies mainly on oral antiviral drugs,but it is difficult to eradicate the latent HSV in body.So developing a vaccine of HSV is especially important,effective vaccines to prevent HSV infection are not yet available,but some progress has been achieved.To clarify the mechanism of virus latent infection and recurrence,is of great value in reveal the nature of recurrence of HSV infection.This may be of great significance in order to effectively prevent and control the HSV infection and latent recurrence.