战后日本经济高速增长时期的文化外交研究

Study of Japan's Cultural Diplomacy During the Period of High-Speed Economy Growth-up in the Post-War Years

在日本的占领时期,为展示出积极反思战争并配合占领改革的姿态,日本应对占领改革的重要举措之一是强化文化外交以塑造爱好和平的文化国家形象。而在占领结束后的经济高速增长时期,日本文化外交却实质上发挥着推动日本经济海外扩张的文化润滑剂的辅助性作用。60年代末70年代初,随着东南亚反日情绪高涨以及日美关系的恶化,为缓和日益恶化的国际形象,日本政府开始强化文化外交并反思经济高速增长时期对于文化外交的定位。整体上,战后日本经济高速增长时期的文化外交带有浓厚的功利主义色彩与文化进化论思想,而占领改革的不彻底性与日本文化的超克史观特征则是其客观历史根源与文化思想根源。

In order to end up the occupation of the Allied, Japan government began to show a positive gesture of regretting the war and tried to coordinate with the reform policy after its World War II defeat. Shaping a cultural national image of loving peace by strengthening cultural diplomacy was one of the most important measures taken by Japan government during the Occupation. However, cultural diplomacy was taken as a lubricant to the development of Japan＇ s economic expansion overseas and just played a supporting role during the period of high-speed economy growth-up. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, anti-Japan sentiment started to rise in Southeast Asia, in the meantime, U. S.-Japan relations became unstable. As a result, Japan＇s international image began to deteriorate rapidly. Against this background, Japan government began to strengthen cuhural diplomacy again and to rethink about the location of cultural diplomacy taken as cultural lubricant during the period of high-speed economy growth-up. As a whole, Japan＇ s cultural diplomacy had strong utilitarianism colour and cultural evolutionism feature, and unthorough reform during the Occupation and conquest feature of Japan culture were the objective historical origin and cultural ideological roots.