牧民对牧区生态环境的感知——以赤峰市中西部地区为例

Herdsmen's Perception of Pastoral Ecological Environment——A Case Study of the Midwest of Chifeng City

内蒙古草原是我国北方地区天然的绿色生态屏障,牧民作为牧区最主要的经济活动主体与最基本的决策单位,其生态环境感知已成为牧区生态环境变化的最主要和最直接的影响因素。本研究采用农户评估法(PRA)对赤峰市中西部地区3个旗的133个牧户家庭进行问卷调查,就牧民对生态环境的意识、生态环境变化的感知及生态环境退化原因的感知进行分析。结果表明:研究区88.72%的牧户意识到了生态环境的重要性,但只有69.92%的牧户在生产中考虑对生态环境的影响;与25a前相比,74.44%的牧户认为环境有退化;有41.35%的牧户认为近10a当地生态环境有所好转;牧民对自然和人为因素对生态环境所造成的影响有不同程度的认识。

Inner Mongolia grassland is a natural green ecological barrier in the northern China. As the major subjects of the social economic activities in the pastoral area, the herdsmen＇s perceptions of environment have be- come the most important and direct influential factors of the ecological environment changes in the pastoral area. Adopting the method of PRA, the author conducts a questionnaire survey among 133 herdsmen households of three Banners in the Midwest of Chifeng city, analyzing the herdsmen＇s consciousness of ecological environment,the perceptions of ecological environment changes, the perceptions of the reasons of ecological environment degenera- tion. The result shows that 88.72% herdsmen households in the research area realize the importance of ecological environment, but only 69.92% of them consider the influences on the ecological environment during their produc- tions; compared with 25a, 74.44% of the herdsmen households hold there is environmental degradation; 41.35% herdsmen households think nearly 10a local ecological environment became better; the herdsmen have different lev- els of understandings for the impacts of nature and human factors on the ecological environment.