近自然森林经营的复杂适应性探讨

Complex Adaptability of Near Natural Forest Management

对近自然森林经营理论与技术、近自然森林经营的复杂适应性特征进行综述,指出森林适应性特征是近自然森林经营的参照,近自然森林经营演化模拟的是森林适应性过程,森林适应性结构是森林近自然经营的调控目标。并提出包括激活森林的主体适应性的目标树选择与培育、建构森林适应的协同机制的森林发展类型调控设计、保证森林适应的响应机制的适度人类干扰控制等符合适应性要求的近自然森林经营实践与应用。复杂适应系统理论为合理解释近自然森林经营的内在规律和本质提供视角,对近自然森林经营具有指导价值和方法论启示。

Near natural forest management,which can keep habitat adaptability inside the forest system and maintain the dynamic process of natural succession of forest,reflected the complex adaptability of the forest. Complex adaptive system theory provided a new study perspectives from the essence of the near natural forest management and had sufficient guidance and methodology. The paper discussed theory and technology of the near natural forest management,and complex adaptive characteristics of near natural forest management,and points out that the forest adaptations is near natural forest management reference object and the near natural forest management evolution simulation is adaptive process of forest and adaptive forest structure is close to the near natural forest management control target. The requirements of adaptability of near natural forest management practice were proposed which included target tree selection and cultivation can activate the characteristics adapt agent of forest,and regulating and controlling of forest development type can construct synergy mechanism of forest system,and moderate human disturbance can ensure the response mechanism of adaptability of the forest.