机械处理和酸处理对檀香紫檀发芽率和幼苗生长的影响

Effects of different seeding treatments on germination rate and seedling growth of Pterocarpus santalinus

檀香紫檀是名贵的红木树种,极具历史文化价值与实用价值,国内市场需求高涨,但长期以来缺乏切实可行的高效繁育技术,产业发展难以为继。从荚果播前机械处理和酸处理两个方面进行研究,探讨了不同程度机械处理对当年、次年播种荚果发芽率的影响,并使用浓硫酸浸种不同时间,以期找到快速便捷的檀香紫檀荚果播前处理方法。结果表明,檀香紫檀荚果以随采随播为佳,经过1年贮藏后种子活力降低、发芽困难;剪除果翅(至可见种子)即可提高当年播种荚果发芽率至73%,提高次年播种荚果发芽率至58%;浓硫酸浸种效果未达到预期,浸泡时间以10 min以内为佳,可提高发芽率至37%,但导致幼苗叶片可溶性蛋白含量显著升高。

Pterocarpus santalinus is a rare species of rosewood with great historical and cultural value and practical value. But for a long time,the development of P. santalinus industry is difficult to sustain because of the rising domestic market demand and the lack of practical and efficient breeding technology. In this paper,different mechanical treatments and acid treatments before pod sowing were studied to explore the effects of different degree of mechanical treatments on the germination rate in current year and next year,and to find a quick and convenient pod pre-sowing method of P. santalinus through the innovative use of concentrated sulfuric acid for seed soaking with 10 min,20 min,30 min or 40 min. The results showed that P. santalinus pods had better seed vigor with mining sowing,and after one year of storage,the seed vigor decreased and it was difficult to germinate. Cutting fruit wings to visible seeds could increase seed germination rate to 73% for sowing in current year and 58% in the next year. Theeffect of concentrated sulfuric acid for seed soaking did not reach the expectation. And the effect of seed soaking was better within 10 min,the germination rate could increase to 37%,but the soluble protein content of seedling leaves increased significantly.