分子生物学方法在鉴定双歧杆菌中的应用

Application of Molecular Biology Methods in Identification of Bifidobacterium

依靠传统生理生化、菌落表观形态等鉴定双歧杆菌,很难区分生化相近的菌株,例如双歧杆菌和婴儿双歧杆菌或者动物双歧杆菌和乳酸双歧杆菌,这给食品风险监测和卫生监督带来严峻的挑战。随着分子生物学方法的成熟,大量分子生物学方法成为了鉴定双歧杆菌种属高效的鉴定方法,这些分子生物学方法包括16S r RNA基因序列、小分子保守序列hsp60、多重PCR、核糖体DNA序列扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(ARDRA)、变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)、脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)以及能够对样品中双歧杆菌进行鉴别和定量的实时荧光定量PCR技术。本文对分子生物学方法在鉴定双歧杆菌的应用进行了综述。

It is difficult to identify similar bifidobacteria of biochemical characteristics based on physiological and biochemical property,phenotypic patterns,such as distinction between Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium infantis or Bifidobacterium animalis and Bifidobacterium lactisis. There are a lot of molecular methods to identify Bifidobacterium sp. including 16 Sr RNA,hsp60,multiplex PCR,amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis（ARDRA）,denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE）,and pulsed- field gel elec trophoresis（PFGE）. Real-time PCR or Q-PCR which will be soon an interesting tool for the detection,identification and quantification of Bifidobacteria spp. In this review,molecular methods for the detection,identification and quantification of Bifidobacteria sp. are outlined.