东祁连山不同利用方式下高寒草甸草原土壤养分特征

Characteristics of soil nutrients in alpine meadow under different utilization patterns in Eastern Qilian Mountains

【目的】对东祁连山不同利用方式下的草甸草原土壤养分特征进行研究,为合理利用和保护草原资源提供参考.【方法】在金强河地区高寒草地上选取连续放牧、冬季放牧、围栏封育、燕麦地4种草地利用方式,在7月与9月进行土壤养分测定.【结果】不同利用方式土壤pH变化趋势不明显,变化范围在8.22~8.87;围栏封育方式下土壤有机质、速效磷含量最高,含量分别为70.21g/kg、65.07mg/kg;冬季放牧方式下土壤全氮、全钾含量最高,分别为6.69、7.85mg/kg;连续放牧、燕麦地方式下土壤全磷含量最高,分别为0.79、0.72mg/kg;连续放牧速效氮、速效钾含量最高,分别为104.29、588.63mg/kg.【结论】东祁连山高寒草地土壤pH值整体较大,有机质、全氮、全钾、全磷、速效钾含量较丰富,除人工燕麦地,其余各利用方式土壤速效磷含量较高,表层土壤达到二级.

[Objective] The research worked on soil nutrients could provide the basis for optimizing the land utilization and nursing soil fertility, provide a reference for reasonable use and protect the grassland re- sources. [Method] The area high and cold lawn selects in Jinqianghe on herds, the winter continuously herds,the railing seals nurtures,the oats 4 lawn use way, carries on the soil nutrient determination in July and in September. [Result] The variation of soil pH under different utilization patterns was not obvious, and it ranged from 8. 22 to 8. 87. The contents of organic matter,available phosphorus were the highest in closure pattern and were 70. 21 g/kg and 65.07 mg/kg respectively. Under winter grazing utilization pat- tern, the contents of total nitrogen and total potassium were the highest and were 6.69 and 7.85 mg/kg re- spectively. Under the continuous grazing and oat utilization patterns, the soil total phosphorus content was the highest as 0. 79,0. 72 mg/kg. Under the continuous grazing utilization pattern, the contents of available nitrogen and available potassium content were the highest and were 104.29 and 588.6.3 mg/kg respective- ly. [Conclusion] Soil pH showed difference in Eastern Qilian Mountains high and cold lawn. It is rich in the organic matter, the entire nitrogen, the entire potassium, the entire phosphorus, the fast-acting potassi- um. Except the artificial oats place, other use way soil fast-acting phosphorus content is high, the surface layer soil achieves two levels.