正常日本大耳白兔同步12导联心电图分析

Synchronous 12-lead electrocardiogram analysis of normal Japanese white rabbits

目的揭示正常日本大耳白兔同步12导联心电图特征,为心血管疾病的实验研究提供心电图基本数据。方法雄性日本大耳白兔55只,20%乌拉坦腹腔麻醉,描记兔同步12导联心电图,并拍胸部X线正位片。结果心电图：1日本大耳白兔心电图波形与人类相似,均为窦性心律。心率较快,265.5±36.8次/min,未见心律失常发生;2仰卧位平均心电轴：19°~250°,波动范围较大;3 P波：形态钝圆或略尖,均符合窦性P波规律,在肢体Ⅱ、a VF导联及胸导联较为明显;4 P-R间期：（0.063±0.007）s;5 QRS波：QRS波时间为（0.040±0.005）s,主波在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、a VF导联多数向上,胸导联与人类相似,R/S比值逐渐递增;6 ST段：较短,均位于等电位线;7 T波：T波形态多圆顿,部分双峰,多数导联T波直立,部分倒置,平坦或双向。T波在肢体II、III、a VR、a VF及胸导联较为明显;8 QT间期：QT间期（0.142±0.015）s,QTc（0.306±0.034）s。胸部X线正位片：心影大多位于胸腔正中及右侧。结论获得了兔标准12导联心电图波形及其各波段的正常值范围,在心血管疾病的实验研究中具有一定的应用价值。

Objective To observe the 12-lead ECG （electrocardiogram） characteristics of Japanese rabbits, and provide basic ECG data for cardiovascular disease research. Methods The 12-lead ECG and X-rays of 55 male Japanese rabbits were recorded in supine position after intraperitoneal injection of 20% urethane. Results ECG：（1） The 12-lead ECG characteristics of male Japanese rabbits were similar to humans. The rabbit heart rate was 265.5 ± 36.8 beats/min, faster than that of humans. No arrhythmia was found in all the 55 rabbits. （2） The supine position average ECG axis was between 19°to 250°, varying a lot. （3） P wave： The shape of P wave was blunt round or a little bit sharp. P waves were all in accordance with the sinus P wave rules, which were more obvious in lead II, aVF and all chest leads. （4） The PR interval was 0. 063 ±0. 007 s. （5） The QRS duration was 0. 040 ± 0. 005 s. The main waves were mostly upward in leadsⅡ,Ⅲ , and aVF. The same as humans, the R/S ratios were increased by degrees in chest leads. （6） The ST segment was short, and was located in the equipotential line. （7） The shapes of T wave were mostly round, partly had twin peaks. T waves were more obvious in leads Ⅱ,Ⅲ , aVR, and AVF and chest leads. （8） The QT interval was 0. 142 ±0. 015 s, and QTc was 0. 306 ± 0. 034 s. In the X-rays, most heart shadows were in the center and right chest. Conclusions The normal values of 12-lead ECG characteristics of Japanese rabbits are obtained in this study, which are of certain application value in experimental studies of cardiovascular diseases.