羰基镍急性染毒致大鼠淋巴细胞DNA损伤的剂量时间效应

Dose-Response and Time-Effect Relationships between Lymphocyte DNA Damage of Rats Poisoned with Nickel Carbonyl

通过急性动物实验观察不同剂量羰基镍(Ni(CO)4)染毒对大鼠淋巴细胞DNA的损伤程度。采用静态方式对SD大鼠染毒30 min,以羰基镍20 mg·m^(-3)、135 mg·m^(-3)和250 mg·m^(-3)为低、中和高剂量染毒组,250 mg·m^(-3)氯气染毒组为阳性对照组,未染毒组为正常对照组。大鼠染毒后1 d、2 d、3 d和7 d分别收集样本。采用单细胞凝胶电泳测量淋巴细胞DNA的损伤程度。通过对所得彗星图像的尾长和Olive尾距(OTM)指标结果分析发现,大鼠淋巴细胞损伤程度随着羰基镍染毒剂量的增加而增加,4个时间点各剂量组间均有显著差异(P<0.05),4个剂量组各时间点均有显著差异(P<0.05),且随时间变化有一定的变化规律,损伤程度在3 d时达最大,而后缓慢下降;在高剂量组染毒和染毒后3 d,损伤程度达到最大。急性羰基镍染毒可致淋巴细胞DNA显著损伤,且存在明显的剂量、时间和交互效应。

To investigate DNA damage in SD rat peripheral blood lymphocytes under different doses of nickel carbonyl,SD rats were exposed through inhalation of 20,135,250 mg·m^-3 nickel carbonyl（Ni（CO）4） for 30 minutes. Rats poisoned by 250 mg·m^-3 chlorine gas served as the positive control group,and healthy SD rats served as the control group. After 1 day（ d）,2 d,3 d,and 7 d inhalation,bone marrow samples were taken from the rats.Single cell gel eletrophoresis（ SCGE） was used to measure comet tail moment,and Olive tail moment was measured from the comet image,to determine lymphocytes DNA damage. Lymphocytes DNA damage increased with increasing Ni（CO）4dose. The significant differences were observed in different doses and times（ P〈0.05）. Extreme DNA damage was found after 3 d and decreased after 7 d in Ni（ CO）4groups. The damage increased with inhalation time. Extreme DNA damage was found at the highest dose and 3 d exposure. Acute nickel carbonyl could induce lymphocyte DNA damage in dose-response,time-effect and interaction effect manner.