上海市星级酒店空间可达性及其驱动力研究

Research on the Spatial Accessibility of Star Hotels in Shanghai and Its Driving Forces

基于Arc GIS10.0和Geo Da095i软件,采用成本加权距离算法计算上海市星级酒店整体可达性,并测算乡镇街道单元的酒店可达性及其空间差异.结果表明:(1)上海市星级酒店可达性在空间分布上呈现出随(到酒店的)距离增加而衰减的状态且交通网络指向性明显;(2)上海市星级酒店可达性整体较好,酒店等级越低,其可达性越好;(3)乡镇街道单元的星级酒店可达性呈现出以可达性"高地"为主、"洼地"与"谷地"并存的局面;(4)星级酒店可达性集聚程度总体较低,但酒店等级越高,可达性集聚程度越强;(5)可达性热点区域表现出以中心城区为核心的圈层空间格局;(6)上海市星级酒店可达性空间分异是酒店空间布局、交通路网结构、旅游资源禀赋、经济发展程度和城市空间格局等多方面因素共同作用的结果,其中酒店空间布局和交通路网结构是最关键因素.

Based on the software ArcGIS10.0 and GeoDA095i, the article calculates the overall accessibility of the star ho- tels in Shanghai by using cost-weighted distance method. It also calculates the accessibility and spatial differentiation of the township-street units in Shanghai. Results are： （ 1 ） The accessibility of the star-hotel decreases when the distance to the star-hotel increases, and the traffic-network-direction is obvious; （2）The overall spatial accessibility of the star hotels in Shanghai is good, and the accessibility is better when the star-level is lower; （3）The star-hotel accessibility of town- ship-street shows that the ＂highland＂ is the main part, while the ＂depression＂ and ＂valley＂ coexist; （4）The overall agglom- eration degree of the star-hotel accessibility is low, but the higher the star level the higher the agglomeration degree; （5）The hot spots of the accessibility exhibit a concentric structure with the central Shanghai as the core; （6）The spatial differentia- tion of the star-hotel accessibility in Shanghai is caused by various factors such as spacial distribution of star hotels, traf- fic-network structure, tourism resources, economic development level and city spatial pattern, in which spatial distribution of star hotels and traffic-network structure are the most important ones.