2015年青岛市崂山区不同岗位接触苯作业者血液指标分析

Analysis on the blood indexes among those exposed to benzene in different jobs,Laoshan district,Qingdao city,2015

目的了解苯作业工人职业健康状况,探究不同岗位苯作业工人血液指标变化。方法选取青岛市崂山区211名苯作业工人为苯接触组,按岗位不同分为刷胶组和喷涂组,选取53名非接触苯职工为对照,统计分析刷胶组、喷涂组、对照组间血液指标的差异。结果刷胶岗位、喷涂岗位和对照组白细胞异常率分别为19.64%、7.14%和1.13%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);刷胶岗位、喷涂岗位、对照组红细胞计数分别为4.35×10^(12)、4.50×10^(12)和4.59×10^(12)/L(P<0.05),3组血红蛋白分别为126.37、134.55和135.85g/L,刷胶岗位血红蛋白水平显著低于喷涂岗位与对照组(P<0.01)。结论青岛市崂山区苯接触岗位工人白细胞异常率较高,红细胞均数及血红蛋白均数下降可能是接苯工人血液指标早期改变的敏感指标。

Objective To understand the status of occupational health among the workers exposed to benzene,and explore the changes of blood indexes among the workers exposed to benzene in different jobs.Methods A total of 211 workers exposed to benzene in Laoshan district,Qingdao city were selected as the benzene exposure group,the workers were divided into the brushing adhesive group and the spray group,53non-exposed workers were selected as the control group,statistical analysis was made on the difference of blood indexes among the brush adhesive group,the spray group and the control group.Results The abnormal rate of leukocyte in the brush adhesive group,the spray group and the control group was 19.64%,7.14% and 1.13% respectively,the difference was statistically significant（P〈 0.05）;The erythrocyte count of the adhesive group,the spray group and the control group was 4.35×10^12,4.50×10^12 and 4.59×10^12/L respectively（P〈0.05）,the hemoglobin was 126.37,134.55 and 135.85g/L respectively,the hemoglobin level was significantly lower in the brush adhesive group than that of the spray group and the control group（P〈0.01）.Conclusion The abnormal rate of leukocyte among the workers in different jobs is high in Laoshan district,Qingdao city,and the drop of mean erythrocyte count and the mean count of hemoglobin may be the sensitive indexes of early changes of blood indexes.