2010～2015年河南省不同暴露因素下人狂犬病潜伏期及影响因素分析

Analysis on the incubation period and influencing factors of human rabies under different exposures,Henan province,2010-2015

目的分析不同暴露因素下人狂犬病平均潜伏期,探讨狂犬病潜伏期影响因素。方法收集并整理2010~2015年河南省165份狂犬病个案调查资料,对不同暴露因素下病例潜伏期进行分类统计,通过SPSS 17.0对潜伏期可能影响进行单因素和多因素分析。结果狂犬病潜伏期最短为7d,最长为1 812d,平均潜伏期（中位数）为67d。不同暴露因素下潜伏期各不相同,单因素秩和检验显示年龄、暴露方式、暴露程度、暴露部位、伤口处理、伤口处理地点、伤口是否冲洗、是否消毒、是否接种疫苗、肇事动物管理10个因素有统计学意义。结果不同暴露因素下狂犬病潜伏期各不相同,暴露部位、年龄是影响潜伏期的重要因素。

Objective To understand the incubation period of human rabies under different exposures and explore the influencing factors of the incubation period.Methods The data of 165 human rabies cases in Henan province,2010-2015 were collected and processed to statistically analyze the average incubation period under different exposures,and conduct single factor and multiple factor analysis with the software SPSS 17.0.Results The shortest incubation period was 7d,the longest was 1 812 d,and the median was 67 d.The incubation periods vary under different exposure.The significant factors of the incubation period in rank-sum test for single factor analysis were age,exposure mode,exposure level,exposure site,wound treatment,treatment site,wound wash or not,wound disinfection or not,vaccination or not,and animal management.Conclusion The incubation periods of human rabies vary under different exposures.The significant influencing factors of incubation period are exposure site and age.