2006～2015年龙口市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B,Longkou city,2006-2015

目的了解龙口市乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）流行特征及变化趋势,为今后科学制定乙肝防治策略提供理论依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对龙口市2006~2015年的乙型肝炎疫情资料进行分析。结果 2006~2015年龙口市累计报告乙肝2 518例,年均发病率为36.22/10万,死亡2例,病死率为0.079%。各年发病率（/10万）分别为41.61、47.13、39.56、36.98、22.89、30.51、25.44、33.44、42.63、42.10（P〈0.01）。发病率男性（51.86/10万）高于女性（20.35/10万）（P〈0.01）,男女之比为2.59∶1,发病年龄以20~60岁为主（86.14%）。职业构成以农民和工人为主,分别占发病总数的56.08%和22.48%。龙口市辖区15个乡镇、街道均有报告病例,不同地区发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。发病多为散发,无明显季节高峰。结论龙口市每年乙肝发病数不稳定,发病率有升高趋势。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and changing trend of hepatitis B in Longkou city,so as to provide theoretical basis for developing prevention and control strategies for hepatitis B.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze data on epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Longkou city,2006-2015.Results A total of 2 518 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Longkou city,2006-2015,with an annual incidence of 36.22/105 and including 2deaths,with a mortality of 0.079%.The incidence was 41.61/105,47.13/105,39.56/105,36.98/105,22.89/105,30.51/105,25.44/105,33.44/105,42.63/105 and 42.10/105,2006-2015（P 0.01）,respectively.The incidence among males（51.86/105）was higher than that among females（20.35/105）,with the male/female ratio being 2.59：1.Most of the patients were 20-60 years old（86.14%）.Most cases of hepatitis B were farmers（56.08%）and workers（22.48%）.The cases were reported sporadically in 15 towns,There was significant difference in the incidence of different areas（P 〈0.01）.Most of the cases were sporadic,with no obvious seasonal peak.Conclusion The annual incidence of hepatitis B is unstable in Longkou city,with an increasing tendency.