敦煌藏医文献中的“达尔甘”病溯源

Tracing the Origin of “Dargan” Disease in Dunhuang Tibetan Medical Literatures

为了能够合理解释隶属于吐蕃时期的敦煌藏医文献与吐蕃之后的传世文献中出现相同病类问题,选择了敦煌藏医文献P.t.127、P.t.1044与《四部医典》、《八支集心要》等藏文传世文献中共同出现的"达尔甘"病这一典型案例进行对比分析。并依据重要医史文献,发现在敦煌藏医文献中早已较为完整地记述了有关"隆奈达尔甘"(由"隆病"所引起的"达尔甘"病)的发病机制及治疗手法。经过追溯其渊源后,认为在10世纪之前或吐蕃时期藏地已有传播印度阿育吠陀经典《阇逻迦本集》等多种文献,并且提出很有可能当时在蕃土流传过《八支心要集》节译本,此译本后来为《八支心要集本注》、《八支心要集》的整本翻译工作起到过一定的作用。此论点为研究吐蕃时期藏医学与阿育吠陀经典文献关系指出了一个重要的线索。

This paper analyzed the typical cases of Dargan disease, which are co - occurring in some Tibetan literatures, such as the Rgyud Bzhi and the Vagbhata. Based on the important historical medicine documents, found in the Dunhuang Tibetan medical liter- atures has long been documented and completely described of the ＂LungNe Dargan＂ pathogenesis and treatment methods. We believe that before the tenth century or Tibetan period, Tibetan has spread in the Indian Ayurvedic classical medicine books, such as the Charaka and other documents, and at least in the Vagbhata section translation. This argument is bound to become an important clue in the study of documental relationships between Tibetan medicine and Ayurvedic medicine in the Tibetan period and the Ayurvedic medi- cal literatures such as the Vagbhata.