4JSM-200型秸秆粉碎与残膜回收机的设计与试验

Design and Experiment of 4JSM-200 Combine Operation Machine for Chopping Cotton Straw and Collecting Residual Film

为解决新疆平作区棉花收获后的秸秆粉碎还田及残膜回收问题，设计了一种秸秆粉碎与残膜回收联合作业机。阐述了该机主要结构、工作原理和关键部件的结构设计，对起膜铲和仿形机构进行运动学分析，理论与试验相结合，分析整机的稳定性。以机具作业速度、起膜铲入土倾角和残膜输送链转速为影响因素，以秸秆粉碎合格率和残膜回收率为评价指标进行田间试验，对影响整机性能的参数进行分析，获得相关最佳参数组合，并与国家行业标准相比较进行验证。结果表明：起膜铲入土角30°，机具前进速度5．5km／h，残膜输送链转速120r／min，秸秆粉碎合格率为91．5％，残膜回收率85．7％，整机运行状态良好，满足秸秆粉碎还田与残膜回收的技术要求，研究成果为秸秆粉碎与残膜回收联合作业机的设计提供参考。

In order to solve the problem of residual plastic film collection and straw crushing after cotton harvest in Xinjiang, a new type of combine harvest machine was designed. Firstly, this paper introduced the whole structure and working mechanism of the machine. Then, for proving the stability of the machine, the paper combined kinematics theory with solid test results. Later, this paper demonstrated the machine＇s field testing procedures： the test focused on the machine＇s performance, set the operation speed, the entering angle of the loosening shovel and the rotation speed of residual film convey chains as the influence factors, as well as the chopping straws＂ acceptability and residual film collection rate as the evaluation indicators. While as the results showed, the shovel entering angle was approximately 30 degree, the speed of advance was 5.5 km/h, and the chain rotation speed was nearly 120r/min. While the acceptability was 91.5% and the collection rate was 85.7. Therefore, after compared the result with the national standard, this paper argued that this new type of combine harvest machine could satisfy the technological requirements of recycling straw and residual films. It additionally believed the research could act as a reference for further machine design.