陕西甘肃山东苹果中重金属含量的调查和风险评价报告

Investigation and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Apple of Shaanxi,Gansu and Shandong Provinces

我国是世界苹果生产大国,所产苹果总量占世界的50%。在苹果种植生产过程中,果园、土壤及苹果自身重金属污染的问题受到了国际性的关注。我国苹果生产省份主要集中在陕西、山东、辽宁、河北、河南、山西、甘肃7个省份。针对苹果种植及贮藏过程中重金属污染问题,对陕西、甘肃和山东3个省份进行调查报告,对Hg,Pb,As等重金属检测方法的确定及安全性评估,并对其含量进行分析,以期对我国苹果种植贮藏过程中评估重金属的安全性提供依据。研究结果显示,35个苹果样本中Hg,Pb,As元素均有检出,3种元素检出率分别为64.29%,95.71%和14.29%,但所有检出样本中3种重金属元素含量均未超过我国现行GB 2762—2005食品中污染物限量设定的3种重金属污染物的限量标准。70个苹果样本中Hg,Pb,As等3种重金属污染物的平均含量分别为0.001 7,0.007 4,0.002 8 mg/kg。不同地市所抽取样本中Hg,Pb,As 3种重金属的污染水平变化较大。

China is the world apple production country,with the production accounted for 50% of the world. In apple planting production process,problems such as orchard,soil and apple＇s own heavy metal pollution have received attention all over the world. China＇s apple production provinces mainly concentrate in Shaanxi, Shandong, Liaoning, Hebei, He＇nan, Shanxi,Gansu provinces. This paper aims at heavy metals pollution of appce during planting and storage,carries out the investigation report on Shaanxi,Gansu and Shandong provinces,and determines the safety evaluation of the detection method of mercury and arsenic, lead and heavy metals, the establishment of apple during storage three furazolidone, imidazole fungicide,mancozeb,detection methods,and its content is analyzed,in order to provide planting according to the safety assessment of heavy metal in the storage process of China＇s apple. The main results are as follows： 35 apple samples of mercury, lead,arsenic are detected,three kinds of elements are detected in 64.29%, 95.71% and 14.29%, but all the detection of three types of heavy metal elements in the samples did not exceed the current limit of GB 2762—2005 food limited three standard of pollutants of heavy metal pollutants. The average contents of three kinds of heavy metals such as mercury,lead,arsenic and other 70 kinds of apple samples are 0.001 7, 0.007 4, 0.002 8 mg/kg, respectively. The pollution levels of three kinds of heavy metals such as mercury,lead and arsenic are greatly changed in different cities.