我国灾害评估系统建设框架与发展思路——基于尼泊尔实地调查的分析

Framework and Development of Disaster Assessment System:An Analysis Based on the Field Survey in Nepal

亚太地区灾害频发,中国和尼泊尔都属于灾害损失严重的国家,做好灾害评估工作,对于及时高效的救灾决策至关重要。通过对尼泊尔灾害评估系统的实地调查,结合我国当前评估业务开展情况,深入分析与10大国际知名灾害评估系统的差距,从灾害综合风险评估、社区风险评估、灾害损失快速评估、特别重大自然灾害损失综合评估、灾害管理需求/能力和绩效评估等5个方面对我国及尼泊尔灾害评估系统建设提出发展思路。

The Asia-Pacific region is exposed to natural disasters of many types, and China, Nepal are the countries with serious disaster damage and loss each year. It is important for disaster relief decision making to do a rapid disaster assessment. Through the field investigation of Nepal disaster assessment system, combined with China＇ s current assessment system development situation, analyzing the gap with 10 international well-known disaster evaluation systems, we put forward the feasible development ideas of disaster assessment system from five aspects,including integrated disaster risk assessment, community risk assessment, rapid assessment of disaster damage and loss, comprehensive assessment of large-scale disaster damage and loss, disaster management demand / ability and effect evaluation.