考古遗存中酒类残留物的研究进展

Research Progress of Wine Residues from Archaeological Remains

酒与人类文明的发展和社会复杂化进程关系密切,对古代酒及相关物质遗存的研究离不开对酒类残留物的分析。国际上对酒类残留物的分析主要集中在生物标记物检测、植物微体化石分析和DNA分析三个领域。中国当代的酒类残留物研究借鉴了西方学者的研究方法,但尚未建立起针对不同类别酒残留物的标准分析流程和相应的数据库。西方针对葡萄酒等果酒体系建立的分析方法,并不完全适用于中国的粮食酒体系。依托中国丰富的考古遗存,开展多学科交叉合作,建立起针对粮食酒体系的酒类残留物分析方法,是未来酒类残留物研究可能取得突破的重要方向。

Wine is closely related with the development of human civilization and process of social complexity. Residues analysis of wine is a necessary approach to study ancient wine and the relevant remains. Internationally, the wine residues analysis mainly focuses on three fields including biomarker test, botanic microfossil research and DNA analysis. While in China, the western methods are used as reference in contemporary research of wine residues, but a standard analysis process and a corresponding database haven＇t been established yet. Also, the western methods based on fruit wine like grape wine can＇t be completely applied to Chinese grain wine system. Therefore, relying on the Chinese rich archaeological remains, developing muhidisciplinary collaboration and establishing the wine residues analysis approach aimed at grain wine are important directions to make possible breakthrough in further research on wine residues.