北欧民众高等学校运动及其教育和社会影响

Folk High Schools Movement in Nordic Countries and its Educational and Social Influences

民众高等学校是北欧特有的一种成人高等教育机构。从19世纪初到世纪末,北欧国家发生了举世瞩目的民众高等学校运动。在近百年的时间里,北欧民众高等学校运动经历了思想准备期、实践初始期和实践扩展期三个主要历史时期,该运动不仅直接带来了北欧成人高等教育的繁荣,而且对北欧教育和社会的世俗化、民众化和现代化也产生了重大而深远的影响。

Folk high schools are uniquely Scandinavian institutions for adult higher education. From the beginning to the end of the 19 century, a remarkable movement of folk high school took place in Nordic countries. The movement went through three major phases within a century： enlightenment, early practice and expansion. The folk school movement not only brought a boom in Nordic adult higher edu- cation, but also had far-reaching influence on educational and social secularization, massification and modernization in Nordic countries.