西南官话湘南片的格局特点及其形成原因

The Pattern Features and Causes of Formation of Xiangnan Cluster of Southwest Mandarin

西南官话湘南片是西南官话在湖南南部地区的突出嵌入地带,是西南官话与多种大方言接触混合的边沿区域。其分布格局的特点有:有大片官话与土话共存的双方言区;纯官话区往往以县城所在地为中心在各县分别形成;各县之间的官话存在差异;纯官话的区域日渐扩大。这一格局特点的形成的原因有:官话是该地区的强势区域共同语;湘南土话种类复杂繁多;官话从当地的各个行政中心逐渐扩展;该地区的移民历史所带来的方言历史底层;特有的地理环境。

The Xiangnan cluster of southwest Mandarin distributes in the south of Hu＇nan province where southwest Mandarins contact and mix with other dialects. The features of its distribution pattern are as follows： bi-dialect of Mandarins and Tuhua dialects dominate vast areas; pure Mandarins usually distribute with the central of county town; Mandarins in different counties are different; the areas of pure Mandarins are expanding. The causes of such formation are as follows： Mandarin is the mighty common in sothern Hu＇nan province are numerous and complicate language in this area; Tuhua dialects ; Mandarins are expanding from local administrative centers ; immigration brings historical strata of dialects ; distribution is unique.